{
  "id": "oai:papers.qnfo.org:qwave-qudit-advantage",
  "slug": "qwave-qudit-advantage",
  "title": "The Qudit Advantage: System-Level Joules-per-Solution Comparison of a Qudit Architecture Against 17 Conventional Qubit Quantum Computing Platforms",
  "authors": [
    "Rowan Brad Quni-Gudzinas"
  ],
  "abstract": "Prior work benchmarked 17 qubit-based quantum computing platforms across the joules-per-solution (JPCUB) energy-efficiency metric. All 17 platforms use two-level quantum systems (qubits). This paper extends the JPCUB framework to qudit architectures — d-level quantum systems — and computes a joules-per-solution estimate for a qudit platform whose error-correction model is based on p-adic stabilizer codes on Bruhat-Tits trees with hierarchical ultrametric decoding and passive error resilience. Three compounding factors are analyzed: (1) dimensional encoding density, where each physical qudit carries log_2(d) bits versus 1 for a qubit; (2) hierarchical decoding complexity, which is sub-exponential in tree depth versus polynomial for planar surface-code decoders; and (3) passive error resilience, which eliminates the ancilla overhead and cryogenic cooling energy of active quantum error correction. Under the model assumptions, the qudit platform is projected to achieve a JPCUB value below 10^{-2} joules per solution, surpassing the 2026 superconducting-qubit floor of 0.05 J/sol. Important caveat: this estimate depends on the JPCUB framework, which has not been externally validated. Until the JPCUB metric receives independent review and replication, the claimed qudit advantage is a hypothesis for investigation, not a demonstrated result. The paper provides an explicit disconfirmation condition — if a physical qudit platform with d >= 3, under independent adversarial validation, yields a measured joules-per-solution above 0.05 J/sol, the claimed qudit advantage is falsified — and pre-registers three frontier questions for independent investigation.",
  "abstract_markdown": "Prior work benchmarked 17 qubit-based quantum computing platforms across the joules-per-solution (JPCUB) energy-efficiency metric. All 17 platforms use two-level quantum systems (qubits). This paper extends the JPCUB framework to qudit architectures — d-level quantum systems — and computes a joules-per-solution estimate for a qudit platform whose error-correction model is based on p-adic stabilizer codes on Bruhat-Tits trees with hierarchical ultrametric decoding and passive error resilience. Three compounding factors are analyzed: (1) dimensional encoding density, where each physical qudit carries log_2(d) bits versus 1 for a qubit; (2) hierarchical decoding complexity, which is sub-exponential in tree depth versus polynomial for planar surface-code decoders; and (3) passive error resilience, which eliminates the ancilla overhead and cryogenic cooling energy of active quantum error correction. Under the model assumptions, the qudit platform is projected to achieve a JPCUB value below 10^{-2} joules per solution, surpassing the 2026 superconducting-qubit floor of 0.05 J/sol. Important caveat: this estimate depends on the JPCUB framework, which has not been externally validated. Until the JPCUB metric receives independent review and replication, the claimed qudit advantage is a hypothesis for investigation, not a demonstrated result. The paper provides an explicit disconfirmation condition — if a physical qudit platform with d >= 3, under independent adversarial validation, yields a measured joules-per-solution above 0.05 J/sol, the claimed qudit advantage is falsified — and pre-registers three frontier questions for independent investigation.",
  "date": "2026-08-01",
  "first_published": "2026-08-01",
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  "url": "https://papers.qnfo.org/papers/qwave-qudit-advantage",
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        "name": "Rowan Brad Quni-Gudzinas",
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    "titles": [
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        "title": "The Qudit Advantage: System-Level Joules-per-Solution Comparison of a Qudit Architecture Against 17 Conventional Qubit Quantum Computing Platforms"
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